Elements of Video Production

All film and video productions are organized this way in order to make the process of creating the film or video in a clean cut way, without any complications. Also, the final results should be what the director foreshadowed.

Pre-Production: In film-making and video production, pre-production formally begins once a project has been green-lit. At this stage, finalizing preparations for production go into effect. Financing will generally be confirmed and many of the key elements such as principal cast members, director and cinematographer are set. By the end of pre-production, the screenplay is hopefully finalized and satisfactory to all the financiers and other stakeholders.

Video Production: Video production is also known as videography. Technically, it is the process of creating video by capturing moving images, and creating combinations of parts of this video in live production and post-production (video editing). In most cases the captured video will be recorded on electronic media such as video tape, hard disk, or solid state storage, but it might only be distributed electronically without being recorded. It is the equivalent of film-making, but with images recorded electronically instead of film stock.

Post-Production: Post-production is part of film-making and the video production process. It occurs in the making of motion pictures, television programs, radio programs, advertising, audio recordings, photography, and digital art. It is a term for all stages of production occurring after the actual end of shooting and/or recording the completed work. Post-production is, in fact, many different processes grouped under one name. These typically include:

• Video editing the picture of a television program using an edit decision list (EDL).
• Writing, (re)recording, and editing the soundtrack.
• Adding visual special effects - mainly computer-generated imagery (CGI) and digital copy from which release prints will be made (although this may be made obsolete by digital-cinema technologies).
• Sound design, Sound effects, ADR, Foley and Music, culminating in a process known as sound re-recording or mixing with professional audio equipment.
• Transfer of colour motion picture film to Video or DPX with a telecine and color grading (correction) in a colour suite.

Continuity Editing: Continuity editing is the predominant style of film editing and video editing in the post-production process of film-making of narrative films and television programs. The purpose of continuity editing is to smooth over the inherent discontinuity of the editing process and to establish a logical coherence between shots. Below, is an example of 'Continuity Editing' being used in a video.

Shot-Reverse-Shot: Shot reverse shot (or shot/countershot) is a film technique where one character is shown looking at another character (often off-screen), and then the other character is shown looking back at the first character. Since the characters are shown facing in opposite directions, the viewer assumes that they are looking at each other. Below, is an example of 'Shot-Reverse-Shot' being used in a video.


180-Degree Rule: In film making, the 180-degree rule is a basic guideline regarding the on-screen spatial relationship between a character and another character or object within a scene. An imaginary line called the axis connects the characters and by keeping the camera on one side of this axis for every shot in the scene, the first character will always be frame right of the second character, who is then always frame left of the first. If the camera passes over the axis, it is called jumping the line or crossing the line. Below, is an example of '180-Degree Rule' being used in a video.